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How does a Handpan work? Understanding its mechanism and acoustics
Charles Bapst
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If you’re here, it’s because you’ve already asked yourself this question: how does a handpan produce such a bewitching sound? This fascinating instrument, with its futuristic appearance and soothing vibes, seems almost magical. But in reality, its operation is based on very specific acoustic principles. In this article, I’ll explain in detail how a handpan works, why it sounds the way it does, and everything you need to know to better understand and play it.
1. How does a handpan work?
The secret of the handpan lies in the precise handling of the steel, which allows it to produce sounds rich in harmonics. It is composed of two assembled metal shells and a set of notes tuned to a specific scale.
When a note is struck, the vibrational wave propagates and makes the entire instrument resonate, producing a sound that is both clear and deep. The air contained inside plays a role in this resonance and is released through a central hole located under the instrument.
👉 A well-tuned handpan allows you to play harmonious melodies without prior musical knowledge, making this instrument accessible to everyone.
2. How does a handpan produce sound?
The handpan functions as a vibrating surface. Each note is placed on a specific area, called the sound field, which vibrates when touched.
🔹 The size of each sound field determines the pitch of the note:
- The larger the area, the lower the note.
- The smaller the area, the higher the note.
These vibrations are amplified by the internal cavity of the handpan and escape through the hole underneath, creating a pure and natural sound, with harmonics that further enrich the sound.
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3. What is the diatonic scale?
A handpan is usually tuned to a specific scale, often diatonic. This means that it is designed to play a sequence of notes that naturally harmonize with each other.
🎵 An 8- or 9-note handpan often corresponds to a full diatonic scale, allowing intuitive melodies to be played, even without musical training. There are also handpans with more notes, but they require more mastery and are often more expensive.
👉 It is this natural harmony that makes the handpan so enjoyable to play, even for a beginner!
4. Is the handpan played only with the hands?
Its name may be confusing, but the handpan is not only designed to be played with the hands. Several accessories exist to modify its sound:
✅ With your hands (traditional technique):
- Offers more nuance and subtlety in the game.
- Allows you to explore natural dynamics and harmonics.
✅ With gloves:
- Softens sounds and reduces resonance.
- Allows for a softer touch, useful for experimenting with new timbres.
⚠️ With mallets (to be avoided):
- Even if some play with sticks, it can damage the tuning.
- Can give a more percussive sound, but reduces the natural harmonics of the handpan.
👉 To preserve the richness of the handpan, it is best to play with your hands.
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5. Is the handpan a simple drum?
At first glance, you might think that the handpan is some kind of metal drum, but that’s not the case!
🎶 Major differences between a handpan and a drum :
- A drum produces sound by the tension of a head or elastic material.
- A handpan generates sounds thanks to carefully tuned metal zones in compression.
In addition, each note of the handpan contains natural harmonics, which greatly enriches its sound compared to a classic drum.
6. Is it difficult to learn the handpan?
The good news is that the handpan is one of the most accessible instruments, even if you’ve never played music before.
🎵 In an hour you will already be able to produce pleasant sounds and experiment with different rhythms. It is not necessary to know music theory, because the notes are already harmonized with each other.
📌 To progress quickly:
- Watch free tutorials.
- Experiment for yourself, improvisation is key.
- Practice regularly, even a few minutes a day are enough.
👉 With a good handpan and a little practice, you will be able to play mesmerizing melodies very quickly!
7. Handpan in 440 Hz or 432 Hz?
Some handpans are tuned to 440 Hz (the current music standard), while others are tuned to 432 Hz, a frequency often associated with wellness and meditation.
🎼 Differences between 440 Hz and 432 Hz :
- 440 Hz : A music standard used worldwide.
- 432 Hz : Some believe that it is more in tune with the natural frequencies of the universe and provides a feeling of deeper relaxation.
💡 Can we hear the difference? Not necessarily, but you can feel it ! If you’re looking for a handpan for meditation, 432Hz can be a great option.
8. My handpan isn't working! What to do?
If your handpan seems to no longer sound good, here are some possible causes:
❌ Is the sound muffled ? Leave your instrument in a dry and clean environment.
❌ Is it out of tune ? A shock can be the cause. A luthier can re-tune it.
❌ Does it have traces of rust ? Clean it with a soft cloth and apply a protective oil.
👉 In case of a major problem, always contact your manufacturer. A good craftsman will be able to help you diagnose and repair your instrument.
Conclusion: the handpan, a fascinating and accessible instrument
Now that you know how a handpan works, you have a better understanding of why it produces such unique and mesmerizing sounds. This instrument is intuitive, accessible and deeply expressive.
If you’re ready to take the plunge and discover this magical instrument, don’t hesitate to visit our shop to find the perfect handpan for you. 😊🎵
about the author
Charles Bapst
Founder of Bapst Handpan, Le Monde d'Isis and Bapst Technologies
Charles Bapst is a creative and passionate entrepreneur, behind projects like Bapst Handpan, Le Monde d’Isis (well-being), and Bapst Technologies (SEO & Technology). Despite pigmentary retinopathy, he transforms each challenge into an opportunity, building a universe aligned with his passions and convictions.
Guided by intuition and harmony, he invites you to follow his credo: “Do what you love ❤️.”
Follow Charles:
My Handpan Comparison
Hey, I’m Charles Bapst. I created a comparison of Handpans for beginners, do you want to see it?
Charles Bapst is the founder of Bapst Handpan, Le Monde d’Isis and Bapst Technologies. Why is he involved in so many projects? Following the diagnosis of retinopathy pigmentosa, Charles chose to transform this ordeal into a driving force. He decided to adapt his work environment to focus only on subjects that fascinate him and that make him tick.
Among his inspirations, he likes to recall that:
“Intuition is a driving force for the future.”
And he encourages everyone with this philosophy:
“Do what you love ❤️”.
My Handpan store:
- Artisanal quality, for a durable and ethical instrument, perfectly tuned.
- Enchanting sounds and ease of use, perfect for meditation or musical exploration.
- Ideal for beginner, with intuitive handling and resources to get you started.
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